GRANTHIPARNI (Root)
Granthiparni consists of root of Leonotis nepetaefolia R. Br. (Fam. Lamiaceae), an ornamental herb or shrub, 1.2 -1.8 m high, cultivated and naturalized throughout the hotter parts of the country.
SYNONYMS
Sansk. : Kakapuccha
Assam. : Granthika
Beng. : Hejurchei
Eng. : Knod Grass
Guj. : Hatisul
Hindi. : Gathivan
Kan. : —
Kash. : —
Mal. : —
Mar. : Dipmal
Ori. : —
Punj. : —
Tam. : —
Tel. : Ranathem
Urdu. : —
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Root system well developed, numerous lateral roots arise from main root, about 0.8 cm in dia., secondary and tertiary roots thin and fibrous, greyish coloured, main root slightly brownish coloured with a few longitudinal furrows; fracture, hard and short; no characteristic odour and taste.
b) Microscopic
Mature root shows a thin bark and a very wide xylem; cork exfoliating, generally detached, where present, consists of a few layers of tangentially elongated compressed cells possessing brown contents; secondary cortex, a narrow zone, composed of 3-6 layers or more, rounded, irregular or tangentially elongated, thin- walled, parenchymatous cells having brown contents; secondary phloem consists of thin-walled cells of sieve elements; fibres absent; secondary xylem forms major part of root consisting of vessels, xylem fibres and xylem parenchyma; vessels more or less uniformly distributed throughout secondary xylem; vessels with bordered pits and of various shapes and sizes, a few having elongated projection at one or both ends; xylem fibres elongated, lignified with pointed ends with moderately wide lumen; xylem parenchyma rectangular or square in shape and pitted; medullary rays uni to triseriate, uni and biseriate rays being more common.
Powder – Brown; shows numerous parenchymatous cells of secondary cortex, a few fragments and entire xylem vessels with bordered pits, fibres and xylem parenchyma
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 2 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.2
Total ash Not more than 5 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.3
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 1 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.4
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 2 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.6
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 4 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.7
T.L.C. –
T.L.C. of the alcoholic extract on Silica gel ‘G’ plate using Toluene: Ethylacetate (9 : 1) on exposure to Iodine vapour shows six spots at Rf. 0.04, 0.05, 0.08, 0.19, 0.23 and 0.35 (all yellow). On spraying with Vanillin Sulphuric acid reagent and heating the plate for ten minutes at 110°C three spots appear at Rf. 0.04, 0.08 and 0.35 (all violet).
CONSTITUENTS – Sterols.
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Tikta
Guna : Laghu, Tiksna
Virya : Usna
Vipaka : Katu
Karma : Dipana, Kaphavatahara, Daurgandhyanasana
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Brhat Guduci Taila, Mrtasanjivani Sura
THERAPEUTIC USES – Swasa, Kandu, Visa
DOSE – 5-10 g. of the drug in powder form.
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